According to the historians, the place of origin of the shrub Coffea arabica is the province of Kafa, in Ethiopia, on the high trays, place of which the leader is Jima. We practise the culture of the coffee tree there enter 1000 and 2000m of height and we harvest also the wild coffee there.
Ethiopians did not consume the coffee in the form of drink, but from whole fruits or from their pulp, they made a flour having dried, burned out and have bombarded these fruits. This flour, mixed with some animal fat, was consumed in salty porridge, in balls or in pancakes for the journey. The coffee was thus used as food !
From the VIIIth century, the Arabs use as remedy an infusion of coffee by plunging sheets and fresh fruits into the boiling water. However, this plant remains for a long time unknown except its natural boundaries.
In the XIVth century, the Arabs import the coffee tree in the Yemen, in the South of the Arabian peninsula, but, in fact, it had already been introduced some centuries previously by the pilgrims and during the Ethiopian invasions.The coffee is then a drink, a decoction prepared from the reduced dried, burned out seeds powder fine and put boiling in the water; "Turkish coffee". It is the drink which is going to shine in the XVth century, in all Arabia, Egypt, Syria, Persia, Turkey, in fact in all the Middle East.
From the second half of the XVIIth century, the consumption of the coffee extends in Italy, then in France, England, Austria, Germany, the countries of the Baltic …
The coffee crosses the Atlantic Ocean in 1689 with opening of the first establishment in Boston. The drink gains in popularity and obtains the row of national drink after the rebels throw to the sea the tea surcharged by the British crown during Boston tea Party. This operation help is prepared in the coffee of the Green Dragon.
The coffee begins to be cultivated in the English colonies(summer camps), in particular in Ceylon, but plantations are ravaged by a disease and are finally replaced by plantations of tea. The Dutch people make it cultivate in Indonesia.
In 1714, the captain of infantry French Gabriel Mathieu de Clieu steals a cutting of a plantation offered by the Holland to Louis XIV and kept in the royal greenhouses to plant it on the slopes of the Mountain Peeled in Martinique and to Saint Domingue. Fifty years later, we count 19 million plantations in Martinique.
The first plantation in Brazil is established in 1727 by Francisco de Mello Palheta. Its industry depends on the practice of slavery which is abolished in 1888.
During the XVIIIth century, the drink becomes popular in Europe, and the European colonists introduce the culture of the coffee into numerous tropical countries, as the culture export to satisfy the European demand.
In the XIXth century, the demand in Europe was often superior to the offer and stimulated the custom of diverse substitutes to the close taste, as the root of chicory.
The main producing regions of coffee are l 'Amérique South America (with notably Brazil and Colombia), Vietnam, Kenya, the Coast Ivory, and other still.
Hawaï has a small production of high-quality coffee and high price, but among the numerous developed variety show, the most expensive and the most famous coffee is henceforth the sharp Bourbon (cultivated on the French island of Reunion), what explains by its rarity and the endemic character of plantations required for the culture. Every package is sold approximately 459 euro the kilogram, it is three times more than Blue Mountain resulting from Jamaïque.
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